Son muchos los que auguran el final de los coches pequeños . Las nuevas normativas que limitan las emisiones de CO2 a 95 gramos (beneficiando a coches pesados, algo ilógico si se pretende contaminar poco) puede acabar con estos coches económicos, al menos si emplean motor de combustión.
Mientras que otros Grupos lanzan directamente versiones eléctricas de estos modelos, en Fiat han apostado por ofrecer la etiqueta ECO de la DGT en sus Fiat 500 y Fiat Panda , dos modelos icónicos de la marca que venden nada menos que 400.000 unidades al año. Y con una solución bastante sencilla, la tecnología Mild Hybrid . ¿Cómo funciona este sistema en los Fiat híbridos?
Tanto el Fiat 500 Hybrid como el Panda Hybrid (que ya se pueden reservar en los concesionarios, si bien las entregas se porducen en febrero y marzo, respectivamente), comparten la misma tecnología Mild Hybrid de gasolina de FCA.
Por un lado contamos con un motor de gasolina de tres cilindros y 1.0 litros de cubicaje, que entrega 70 CV (52 kW) de potencia a 6.000 rpm y un par máximo de 92
Nm a 3500 rpm. Es muy ligerto, apenas 77 kg de peso, su culata tiene dos válvulas por cilindro y ofrece una relación de compresión particularmente alta (12:1), que se traduce en una mejor eficiencia térmica, con mecanismos para reducir la fricción.
Luego cuenta con un sistema BSG (generador de arranque integrado en la correa) está montado directamente en el motor y se activa mediante la correa que acciona los órganos auxiliares. El sistema recupera energía durante el frenado y la desaceleración, la almacena en una batería de litio con una capacidad de 11 Ah y la utiliza, con 3.600 W de potencia, para volver a arrancar el motor de combustión interna en modo Stop&Start y asistir durante aceleraciones.
Si bien el coche no se puede mover en modo eléctrico, la tecnología sí permite que el motor de combustión se apague en marcha por debajo de los 30 km/h. Pero ojo, que para ello hay que seleccionar la posición de punto muerto del cambio (el
cuadro de instrumentos del vehículo, que muestra la información del sistema híbrido, indica cuándo hacerlo). En este modo coasting , la batería de litio alimenta todos los
servicios, asegurando que el conductor mantenga el control total del vehículo.
El sistema se asocia a un cambio manual de 6 velocidades, el C514 (cambio transversal y tracción delantera), que ha sido mejorado con nuevos cojinetes y juntas de baja fricción, un lubricante específico de alta eficiencia y una 6ª marcha más larga para reducir el consumo en carretera.
La marca nos cuenta que habrá diferencias en el comportamiento, ya que todo el grupo propulsor se ha bajado 45 mm para que cuente centro de gravedad más cercano a la carretera. Habrá que comoprobarlo, así como la reducción del consumo que significa (por ahora solamente sabemos que las emisiones descienden entre un 20 y un 30%).
Fuente: FCA
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